Zeolites as Carriers of Nano-Fertilizers: From Structures and Principles to Prospects and Challenges

The world is facing immense challenges in terms of food security, due to the combined impacts ever-increasing population and adversity climate change. In an attempt counteract these factors, smart nutrient delivery systems, including nano-fertilizers, additives, material coatings, have been introduced increase productivity meet growing demand. Use nanocarriers agro-practices for sustainable farming contributes achieving up 75% a prolonged period maintain availability soil plants adverse conditions. this context, sieve-like zeolites diversity their structural morphologies attracted increasing interest over recent years. Engineered nano-porous zeolites, also called aluminosilicates, are defined based on presence micro- (<2 nm), meso- (2–50 macropores (>50 which can be employed as carriers fertilizers enhanced ion-exchange properties adsorption capabilities. study, we provide detailed overview production optimization hierarchical zeolite structures within size range from nanometers, well various top-down bottom-up approaches used synthesize with large surface area, tunable pore size, high thermal stability, make them excellent candidate agronomy. pesticides, insecticides, by loading into nano-zeolites manage crop without disrupting health discussed, future perspectives perpetual maintenance productivity.